Exploring The Correlation Between Interoception and Embodiment in Virtual Reality

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between interoception and embodiment intensity in virtual reality (VR). Embodiment, defined as the feeling of owning and controlling a body, in this case a virtual body, was manipulated using synchronous and asynchronous avatar movement conditions. A total of 74 participants were recruited; however, due to missing data caused by technical issues and incomplete questionnaire responses, the final sample consisted of 67 participants (35 female, 30 male, and 2 other). Participants experienced both conditions in a within-subjects design and completed the Virtual Embodiment Questionnaire (VEQ), the ThreeDomain Interoceptive Sensations Questionnaire (THISQ), and the General Questionnaire (Table 2). As expected, embodiment scores were significantly higher in the synchronous condition, confirming the effectiveness of the manipulation. However, no significant correlation was found between interoception and embodiment levels. These findings suggest that while synchronization enhances virtual embodiment, individual differences in interoceptive sensibility may not play a necessary role in embodiment in VR. Implications for future research on interoception and embodiment in virtual environments are discussed.